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Treatment exhaustion of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) among individuals infected with HIV in the United Kingdon: multicentre cohort study

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posted on 2023-06-08, 10:48 authored by Caroline A Sabin, Teresa Hill, Fiona Lampe, Martin Fisher, Ryanne Matthias, Sanjay Bhagani, Richard Gilson, Mike S Youle, Margaret A Johnson, George Scullard, Philippa Easterbrook, Brian Gazzard, Andrew N Phillips
Objectives: To investigate whether there is evidence that an increasing proportion of HIV infected patients is starting to experience increases in viral load and decreases in CD4 cell count that are consistent with exhaustion of available treatment options. Design: Multicentre cohort study. Setting: Six large HIV treatment centres in southeast England. Participants: All individuals seen for care between 1 January 1996 and 31 December 2002. Main outcome measures: Exposure to individual antiretroviral drugs and drug classes, CD4 count, plasma HIV RNA burden. Results: Information is available on 16 593 individuals (13 378 (80.6%) male patients, 10 340 (62.3%) infected via homosexual or bisexual sex, 4426 (26.7%) infected via heterosexual sex, median age 34 years). Overall, 10 207 of the 16 593 patients (61.5%) have been exposed to any antiretroviral therapy. This proportion increased from 41.2% of patients under follow up at the end of 1996 to 71.3% of those under follow up in 2002. The median CD4 count and HIV RNA burden of patients under follow up in each year changed from 270 cells/mm3 and 4.34 log10 copies/ml in 1996 to 408 cells/mm3 and 1.89 log10 copies/ml, respectively, in 2002. By 2002, 3060 (38%) of patients who had ever been treated with antiretroviral therapy had experienced all three main classes. Of these, around one quarter had evidence of “viral load failure” with all these three classes. Patients with three class failure were more likely to have an HIV RNA burden > 2.7 log10 copies/ml and a CD4 count < 200 cells/mm3. Conclusions: The proportion of individuals with HIV infection in the United Kingdom who have been treated has increased gradually over time. A substantial proportion of these patients seem to be in danger of exhausting their options for antiretroviral treatment. New drugs with low toxicity, which are not associated with cross resistance to existing drugs, are urgently needed for such patients.

History

Publication status

  • Published

File Version

  • Published version

Journal

BMJ

ISSN

0007-1447

Publisher

BMJ Publishing Group

Volume

330

Page range

695

Department affiliated with

  • Clinical and Experimental Medicine Publications

Full text available

  • Yes

Peer reviewed?

  • Yes

Legacy Posted Date

2012-02-21

First Open Access (FOA) Date

2016-03-22

First Compliant Deposit (FCD) Date

2016-11-17

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