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Analysis of structural brain asymmetries in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in 39 datasets
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posted on 2023-06-10, 00:02 authored by Merel C Postema, Martine Hoogman, Sara Ambrosino, Philip Asherson, Tobias Banaschewski, Cibele E Bandeira, Alexandr Baranov, Claiton H D Bau, Sarah Baumeister, Ramona Baur-Streubel, Mark A Bellgrove, Joseph Biederman, Mara Cercignani, Matthew Gabel, Neil Harrison, othersObjective Some studies have suggested alterations of structural brain asymmetry in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), but findings have been contradictory and based on small samples. Here, we performed the largest ever analysis of brain left-right asymmetry in ADHD, using 39 datasets of the ENIGMA consortium. Methods We analyzed asymmetry of subcortical and cerebral cortical structures in up to 1,933 people with ADHD and 1,829 unaffected controls. Asymmetry Indexes (AIs) were calculated per participant for each bilaterally paired measure, and linear mixed effects modeling was applied separately in children, adolescents, adults, and the total sample, to test exhaustively for potential associations of ADHD with structural brain asymmetries. Results There was no evidence for altered caudate nucleus asymmetry in ADHD, in contrast to prior literature. In children, there was less rightward asymmetry of the total hemispheric surface area compared to controls (t = 2.1, p = .04). Lower rightward asymmetry of medial orbitofrontal cortex surface area in ADHD (t = 2.7, p = .01) was similar to a recent finding for autism spectrum disorder. There were also some differences in cortical thickness asymmetry across age groups. In adults with ADHD, globus pallidus asymmetry was altered compared to those without ADHD. However, all effects were small (Cohen’s d from -0.18 to 0.18) and would not survive study-wide correction for multiple testing. Conclusion Prior studies of altered structural brain asymmetry in ADHD were likely underpowered to detect the small effects reported here. Altered structural asymmetry is unlikely to provide a useful biomarker for ADHD, but may provide neurobiological insights into the trait.
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Publication status
- Published
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- Published version
Journal
Journal of Child Psychology and PsychiatryISSN
0021-9630Publisher
WileyExternal DOI
Issue
10Volume
62Page range
1202-1219Event location
EnglandDepartment affiliated with
- BSMS Publications
Full text available
- Yes
Peer reviewed?
- Yes
Legacy Posted Date
2021-06-04First Open Access (FOA) Date
2021-06-04First Compliant Deposit (FCD) Date
2021-06-04Usage metrics
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