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A Proof-of-Quality-Factor (PoQF) based blockchain and edge computing for vehicular message dissemination
journal contribution
posted on 2023-06-09, 21:41 authored by Ferheen AyazFerheen Ayaz, Zhengguo ShengZhengguo Sheng, Daxin Tian, Yong Liang GuanBlockchain applications in vehicular networks can offer many advantages including decentralization and improved security. However, most of consensus algorithms in blockchain are difficult to be implemented in a Vehicular Ad-Hoc Networks (VANET) without the help of edge computing services. For example, the connectivity in VANET only remains for a short period of time, which is not sufficient for highly time consuming consensus algorithms, e.g., Proof-of-Work, running on mobile edge nodes (vehicles). Other consensus algorithms also have some drawbacks, e.g. Proof-of-Stake (PoS) is biased towards nodes with higher amount of stakes and Proof-of-Elapsed-Time (PoET) is not highly secure against malicious nodes. For these reasons, we propose a voting blockchain based on Proof-of-Quality-Factor (PoQF) consensus algorithm, where threshold number of votes is controlled by edge computing servers. Specifically, PoQF includes voting for message validation and a competitive relay selection process based on probabilistic prediction of channel quality between transmitter and receiver. The performance bounds of failure and latency in message validation are obtained. The paper also analyzes the throughput of block generation, as well as the asymptotic latency, security and communication complexity of PoQF. An incentive distribution mechanism to reward honest nodes and punish malicious nodes is further presented and its effectiveness against collusion of nodes is proved using game theory. Simulation results show that PoQF reduces failure in validation by 11% and 15% as compared to PoS and PoET, respectively, and is 68 ms faster than PoET.
Funding
Intelligent and decentralized cyber security and privacy for 5G vehicular networks; G2628; EPIC
History
Publication status
- Published
File Version
- Accepted version
Journal
IEEE Internet of Things JournalISSN
2327-4662Publisher
Institute of Electrical and Electronics EngineersExternal DOI
Issue
4Volume
8Page range
2468-2482Department affiliated with
- Engineering and Design Publications
Notes
© 2020 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other uses, in any current or future media, including reprinting/republishing this material for advertising or promotional purposes, creating new collective works, for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted component of this work in other works.Full text available
- Yes
Peer reviewed?
- Yes
Legacy Posted Date
2020-09-28First Open Access (FOA) Date
2020-09-28First Compliant Deposit (FCD) Date
2020-09-25Usage metrics
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