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Decadence, darwinism, science and technological modernity
Decadents’ responses to modern science and technology were complex and conflicted. Their concerns with subjectivity, decay and superstition seem unscientific. Authors like Wilde and Huysmans presented art as an escape from the natural universe. However, new scientific models, notably Darwinian evolution, also offered Decadent writers new ways of conceptualizing humanity’s place in the world. Algernon Swinburne, Blind, Pater and Wilde’s visions of life were energized in different ways by evolutionism. They reshaped evolution for their philosophical purposes, downplaying its randomness and implying that the universe developed teleologically. Such attachment to teleology reflected progress, individual freedom and transcendence. In this way, their thinking was often more redolent of Spencer than Darwin. Conversely, as Wells realized, the lens of Darwinism could frame intellect and culture as doomed maladaptations. Hence, Decadents embraced ‘degeneration’ as the price of subtlety and originality. The Decadent fiction of Machen and Shiel was also characterized by ambivalence about science as their plots mixed scientific speculations and gadgetry with occult beliefs and supernaturalism.
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Publication status
- Published
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- Accepted version
Publisher
Cambridge University PressExternal DOI
Page range
136-151Pages
530.0Book title
Decadence: a literary historyPlace of publication
CambridgeISBN
9781108426299Department affiliated with
- English Publications
Full text available
- No
Peer reviewed?
- Yes
Editors
Alex MurrayLegacy Posted Date
2020-07-09First Compliant Deposit (FCD) Date
2020-06-26Usage metrics
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