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Decadence, darwinism, science and technological modernity

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posted on 2023-06-09, 21:20 authored by Will AbberleyWill Abberley
Decadents’ responses to modern science and technology were complex and conflicted. Their concerns with subjectivity, decay and superstition seem unscientific. Authors like Wilde and Huysmans presented art as an escape from the natural universe. However, new scientific models, notably Darwinian evolution, also offered Decadent writers new ways of conceptualizing humanity’s place in the world. Algernon Swinburne, Blind, Pater and Wilde’s visions of life were energized in different ways by evolutionism. They reshaped evolution for their philosophical purposes, downplaying its randomness and implying that the universe developed teleologically. Such attachment to teleology reflected progress, individual freedom and transcendence. In this way, their thinking was often more redolent of Spencer than Darwin. Conversely, as Wells realized, the lens of Darwinism could frame intellect and culture as doomed maladaptations. Hence, Decadents embraced ‘degeneration’ as the price of subtlety and originality. The Decadent fiction of Machen and Shiel was also characterized by ambivalence about science as their plots mixed scientific speculations and gadgetry with occult beliefs and supernaturalism.

History

Publication status

  • Published

File Version

  • Accepted version

Publisher

Cambridge University Press

Page range

136-151

Pages

530.0

Book title

Decadence: a literary history

Place of publication

Cambridge

ISBN

9781108426299

Department affiliated with

  • English Publications

Full text available

  • No

Peer reviewed?

  • Yes

Editors

Alex Murray

Legacy Posted Date

2020-07-09

First Compliant Deposit (FCD) Date

2020-06-26

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