Perceptions of dementia amongst the general public across Latin America: a systematic review

Introduction: Perceptions of dementia are important determinants of support, treatment and care received in the dementia community. Understanding these perceptions are vital for regions such as Latin America, where there is a rapid increase in people living with dementia. The aim of this study is to review and synthesise the general public’s perceptions of dementia in Latin America, what factors are associated with these perceptions, and how they differ between countries in the region. Methods: Searches were completed across five databases (Medline, SCOPUS, PsychINFO, SciELO, and WoS). Studies were required to capture attitudes or knowledge of dementia in the general public residing within Latin America. English, Spanish and Portuguese search terms were used. Results were synthesised narratively. Results: 1,574 unique records were identified. Following lateral searches, de-duplication and screening, six articles (4 studies) met the inclusion criteria for this review. All the studies were quantitative research from Brazil (Median n = 722). There was evidence of a limited to moderate knowledge of dementia, though a significant minority had negative or stigmatising attitudes. Only higher levels of education were consistently associated with better attitudes and knowledge of dementia in the region. Conclusion: There is a need for more in-depth research about attitudes of the general public across Latin America, particularly outside of São Paulo state, Brazil. There appears to be a greater need to raise awareness of dementia amongst less educated Latin American groups.