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Vitamin D supplementation for the prevention of depression and poor physical function in older persons: the D-Vitaal study, a randomized clinical trial

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Version 2 2023-06-07, 08:30
Version 1 2023-06-07, 06:47
journal contribution
posted on 2023-06-07, 08:30 authored by Elisa J de Koning, Paul Lips, Brenda W J H Pennix, Petra J M Elders, Aannemieke C Heijboer, Martin den Heijer, Pierre M Bet, Harm van MarwijkHarm van Marwijk, Natasja M van Schoor
Background: Depressive symptoms and impaired physical functioning are prevalent among older adults. Supplementation with vitamin D might improve both conditions, particularly in persons with low vitamin D status. Objective: The D-Vitaal study primarily aimed to investigate the effect of vitamin D supplementation on depressive symptoms, functional limitations and physical performance in a high-risk older population with low vitamin D status. Secondary aims included examining the effect of vitamin D supplementation on anxiety symptoms, cognitive functioning, mobility, hand grip strength and health-related quality of life. Design: This study was a randomized placebo-controlled trial with 155 participants aged 60-80 years who had clinically relevant depressive symptoms, =1 functional limitation and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentrations of 15-50/70 nmol/L (depending on season). Participants received 1200 IU/day vitamin D3 (n=76) or placebo tablets (n=77) for 12 months. Serum 25(OH)D was measured at baseline and 6 months; outcomes were assessed at baseline, 6 and 12 months. Linear mixed models analyses were conducted according to the intention-to-treat principle to assess the effect of the intervention. Results: The supplementation increased serum 25(OH)D concentrations in the intervention group to a mean of 85 nmol/L (SD: 16) against 43 nmol/L (SD: 18) in the placebo group after 6 months (P<0.001). No relevant differences between the treatment groups were observed regarding depressive symptoms, functional limitations, physical performance, or any of the secondary outcomes. Conclusions: Supplementation with 1200 IU/day vitamin D for 12 months had no effect on depressive symptoms and physical functioning in older persons with relatively low vitamin D status, clinically relevant depressive symptoms and poor physical functioning. KEYWORDS Vitamin D, 25(OH)D, Depressive symptoms, Physical functioning, Functional limitations, Physical performance, Older adults, Randomized Clinical Trial, Prevention, Supplementation.

History

Publication status

  • Published

File Version

  • Published version

Journal

The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition

ISSN

0002-9165

Publisher

American Society for Nutrition

Department affiliated with

  • Primary Care and Public Health Publications

Full text available

  • No

Peer reviewed?

  • Yes

Legacy Posted Date

2019-10-08

First Open Access (FOA) Date

2019-10-08

First Compliant Deposit (FCD) Date

2019-10-08

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