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Sniff and Tell 20Nov JBioSci.pdf (236.52 kB)

Sniff and tell: the feasibility of using bio-detection dogs as a mobile diagnostic intervention for asymptomatic malaria in sub-Saharan Africa

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posted on 2023-06-09, 15:58 authored by Ben Kasstan, Kate Hampshire, Claire Guest, James G Logan, Margaret Pinder, Kate Williams, Umberto D'Alessandro, Steve W Lindsay
Bio-Detection Dogs (BDDs) are used in some high-income countries as a diagnostic intervention, yet little is known about their potential in low/middle-income countries with limited diagnostic resources. This exploratory study investigated the opportunities and implications of deploying BDDs as a mobile diagnostic intervention to identify people with asymptomatic malaria, particularly at ports of entry, as an important step to malaria elimination in a population. A qualitative study design consisting of participant observation, five focus group discussions and informal conversations was employed in The Gambia in April–May 2017. A disciplined German Shepherd companion dog (not trained as a BDD) was introduced to research participants and their perceptions recorded. Field-notes and discussions were transcribed, translated and analysed thematically. Most research participants viewed positively the possibility of using BDDs to detect malaria, with the major advantage of being non-invasive. Some concerns, however, were raised regarding safety and efficacy, as well as cultural issues around the place of dogs within human society. The Gambia is a rabies-endemic country, and unfamiliar dogs are not usually approached, with implications for how research participants perceived BDDs. Understanding such concerns and working with local people to address such issues must be part of any successful strategy to deploy BDDs in new settings. Bio-Detection Dogs represent a potentially non-invasive diagnostic tool for the detection of asymptomatic or chronic malaria infections, particularly in areas with very low parasite rates. However, it is important to understand local concerns and work closely with communities to address those concerns. Wider deployment of BDDs will also require careful planning and sustained financial support.

Funding

Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation; OPP1150969

History

Publication status

  • Published

File Version

  • Accepted version

Journal

Journal of Biosocial Science

ISSN

0021-9320

Publisher

Cambridge University Press

Issue

3

Volume

51

Page range

436-443

Department affiliated with

  • Anthropology Publications

Full text available

  • Yes

Peer reviewed?

  • Yes

Legacy Posted Date

2018-11-21

First Open Access (FOA) Date

2019-07-08

First Compliant Deposit (FCD) Date

2018-11-22

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