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Non-pharmacological factors that determine drug use and addiction
journal contribution
posted on 2023-06-09, 15:21 authored by Serge H Ahmed, Aldo Badiani, Klaus A Miczek, Christian P MüllerBased on their pharmacological properties, psychoactive drugs are supposed to take control of the natural reward system to finally drive compulsory drug seeking and consumption. However, psychoactive drugs are not used in an arbitrary way as pure pharmacological reinforcement would suggest, but rather in a highly specific manner depending on non-pharmacological factors. While pharmacological effects of psychoactive drugs are well studied, neurobiological mechanisms of non-pharmacological factors are less well understood. Here we review the emerging neurobiological mechanisms beyond pharmacological reinforcement which determine drug effects and use frequency. Important progress was made on the understanding of how the character of an environment and social stress determine drug self-administration. This is expanded by new evidence on how behavioral alternatives and opportunities for drug instrumentalization generate different patterns of drug choice. Emerging evidence suggests that the neurobiology of non-pharmacological factors strongly determines pharmacological and behavioral drug action and may, thus, give rise for an expanded system’s approach of psychoactive drug use and addiction.
History
Publication status
- Published
File Version
- Accepted version
Journal
Neuroscience and Biobehavioral ReviewsISSN
0149-7634Publisher
ElsevierExternal DOI
Department affiliated with
- Psychology Publications
Full text available
- Yes
Peer reviewed?
- Yes
Legacy Posted Date
2018-10-08First Open Access (FOA) Date
2019-09-01First Compliant Deposit (FCD) Date
2018-10-05Usage metrics
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