srep19491.pdf (598.54 kB)
A new Raman metric for the characterisation of graphene oxide and its derivatives
journal contribution
posted on 2023-06-09, 13:11 authored by Alice KingAlice King, Benjamin R Davies, Nikan Noorbehesht, Peter Newman, Tamara L Church, Andrew T Harris, Joselito M Razal, Andrew I MinettRaman spectroscopy is among the primary techniques for the characterisation of graphene materials, as it provides insights into the quality of measured graphenes including their structure and conductivity as well as the presence of dopants. However, our ability to draw conclusions based on such spectra is limited by a lack of understanding regarding the origins of the peaks. Consequently, traditional characterisation techniques, which estimate the quality of the graphene material using the intensity ratio between the D and the G peaks, are unreliable for both GO and rGO. Herein we reanalyse the Raman spectra of graphenes and show that traditional methods rely upon an apparent G peak which is in fact a superposition of the G and D’ peaks. We use this understanding to develop a new Raman characterisation method for graphenes that considers the D’ peak by using its overtone the 2D’. We demonstrate the superiority and consistency of this method for calculating the oxygen content of graphenes, and use the relationship between the D’ peak and graphene quality to define three regimes. This has important implications for purification techniques because, once GO is reduced beyond a critical threshold, further reduction offers limited gain in conductivity.
History
Publication status
- Published
File Version
- Published version
Journal
Scientific ReportsISSN
2045-2322Publisher
Nature Publishing GroupExternal DOI
Issue
1Volume
6Page range
19491 1-6Department affiliated with
- Physics and Astronomy Publications
Research groups affiliated with
- Materials Physics Group Publications
Full text available
- Yes
Peer reviewed?
- Yes
Legacy Posted Date
2018-05-09First Open Access (FOA) Date
2018-05-09First Compliant Deposit (FCD) Date
2018-05-08Usage metrics
Categories
No categories selectedKeywords
Licence
Exports
RefWorks
BibTeX
Ref. manager
Endnote
DataCite
NLM
DC