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Oxidative stress and inflammation induced by environmental and psychological stressors: a biomarker perspective

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posted on 2023-06-09, 06:16 authored by Pietro Ghezzi, Luciano Floridi, Diana Boraschi, Antonio Cuadrado, Gina Manda, Snezana LevicSnezana Levic, Fulvio D'Acquisto, Alice Hamilton, Toby J Athersuch, Liza Selley
Significance. The environment can elicit biological responses such as oxidative stress (OS) and inflammation as consequence of chemical, physical or psychological changes. As population studies are essential for establishing these environment-organism interactions, biomarkers of oxidative stress or inflammation are critical in formulating mechanistic hypotheses. Recent advances. By using examples of stress induced by various mechanisms, we focus on the biomarkers that have been used to assess oxidative stress and inflammation in these conditions. We discuss the difference between biomarkers that are the result of a chemical reaction (such as lipid peroxides or oxidized proteins that are a result of the reaction of molecules with reactive oxygen species, ROS) and those that represent the biological response to stress, such as the transcription factor NRF2 or inflammation and inflammatory cytokines. Critical issues. The high-throughput and holistic approaches to biomarker discovery used extensively in large-scale molecular epidemiological exposome are also discussed in the context of human exposure to environmental stressors. Future directions. We propose to consider the role of biomarkers as signs and distinguish between signs that are just indicators of biological processes and proxies that one can interact with and modify the disease process.

History

Publication status

  • Published

File Version

  • Accepted version

Journal

Antioxidants and Redox Signaling

ISSN

1523-0864

Publisher

Mary Ann Liebert

Issue

9

Volume

28

Page range

852-872

Department affiliated with

  • BSMS Publications

Full text available

  • Yes

Peer reviewed?

  • Yes

Legacy Posted Date

2017-05-12

First Open Access (FOA) Date

2018-06-16

First Compliant Deposit (FCD) Date

2017-05-12

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