Harrison, Neil A, Kundu, Prantik, Baek, Kwangyeol, Irvine, Michael A, Mechelmans, Daisy J, Wood, Jonathan, Robbins, Trevor W, Bullmore, Edward T, Voon, Valerie and Morris, Laurel S (2016) Jumping the gun: mapping neural correlates of waiting impulsivity and relevance across alcohol misuse. Biological Psychiatry, 79 (6). pp. 499-507. ISSN 0006-3223

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Abstract

BACKGROUND: Why do we jump the gun or speak out of turn? Waiting impulsivity has a preclinical basis as a
predictor for the development of addiction. Here, we mapped the intrinsic neural correlates of waiting and
dissociated it from stopping, both fundamental mechanisms of behavioral control.
METHODS: We used a recently developed translational task to assess premature responding and assess response
inhibition using the stop signal task. We mapped the neural correlates in 55 healthy volunteers using a novel multiecho
resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging sequence and analysis, which robustly boosts signal-tonoise
ratio. We further assessed 32 young binge drinkers and 36 abstinent subjects with alcohol use disorders.
RESULTS: Connectivity of limbic and motor cortical and striatal nodes mapped onto a mesial-lateral axis of the
subthalamic nucleus. Waiting impulsivity was associated with lower connectivity of the subthalamic nucleus with
ventral striatum and subgenual cingulate, regions similarly implicated in rodent lesion studies. This network was
dissociable from fast reactive stopping involving hyperdirect connections of the pre-supplementary area and
subthalamic nucleus. We further showed that binge drinkers, like those with alcohol use disorders, had elevated
premature responding and emphasized the relevance of this subthalamic network across alcohol misuse. Using
machine learning techniques we showed that subthalamic connectivity differentiates binge drinkers and individuals
with alcohol use disorders from healthy volunteers.
CONCLUSIONS: We highlight the translational and clinical relevance of dissociable functional systems of cortical,
striatal, and hyperdirect connections with the subthalamic nucleus in modulating waiting and stopping and their
importance across dimensions of alcohol misuse.

Item Type:	Article
Schools and Departments:	Brighton and Sussex Medical School > Neuroscience
Subjects:	R Medicine > RC Internal medicine > RC0321 Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry
Depositing User:	Jonathan Williams
Date Deposited:	13 Aug 2015 12:16
Last Modified:	02 Jul 2019 19:01
URI:	http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/56092

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