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May, Margaret T, Hogg, Robert S, Justice, Amy C, Shepherd, Bryan E, Costagliola, Dominique, Ledergerber, Bruno, Thiébaut, Rodolphe, Gill, M John, Kirk, Ole, van Sighem, Ard, Saag, Michael S, Navarro, Gemma, Sobrino-Vegas, Paz, Lampe, Fiona, Ingle, Suzanne, Guest, Jodie L, Crane, Heidi M, D'Arminio Monforte, Antonella, Vehreschild, Jörg J, Sterne, Jonathan A C and FIsher, Martin (2012) Heterogeneity in outcomes of treated HIV-positive patients in Europe and North America: relation with patient and cohort characteristics. International journal of epidemiology, 41 (6). pp. 1807-20. ISSN 1464-3685
Full text not available from this repository.Abstract
BACKGROUND
HIV cohort collaborations, which pool data from diverse patient cohorts, have provided key insights into outcomes of antiretroviral therapy (ART). However, the extent of, and reasons for, between-cohort heterogeneity in rates of AIDS and mortality are unclear.
METHODS
We obtained data on adult HIV-positive patients who started ART from 1998 without a previous AIDS diagnosis from 17 cohorts in North America and Europe. Patients were followed up from 1 month to 2 years after starting ART. We examined between-cohort heterogeneity in crude and adjusted (age, sex, HIV transmission risk, year, CD4 count and HIV-1 RNA at start of ART) rates of AIDS and mortality using random-effects meta-analysis and meta-regression.
RESULTS
During 61 520 person-years, 754/38 706 (1.9%) patients died and 1890 (4.9%) progressed to AIDS. Between-cohort variance in mortality rates was reduced from 0.84 to 0.24 (0.73 to 0.28 for AIDS rates) after adjustment for patient characteristics. Adjusted mortality rates were inversely associated with cohorts' estimated completeness of death ascertainment [excellent: 96-100%, good: 90-95%, average: 75-89%; mortality rate ratio 0.66 (95% confidence interval 0.46-0.94) per category]. Mortality rate ratios comparing Europe with North America were 0.42 (0.31-0.57) before and 0.47 (0.30-0.73) after adjusting for completeness of ascertainment.
CONCLUSIONS
Heterogeneity between settings in outcomes of HIV treatment has implications for collaborative analyses, policy and clinical care. Estimated mortality rates may require adjustment for completeness of ascertainment. Higher mortality rate in North American, compared with European, cohorts was not fully explained by completeness of ascertainment and may be because of the inclusion of more socially marginalized patients with higher mortality risk.
| Item Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Schools and Departments: | Brighton and Sussex Medical School > Brighton and Sussex Medical School |
| Subjects: | R Medicine > RC Internal medicine > RC0109 Infectious and parasitic diseases |
| Related URLs: | |
| Depositing User: | Ellen Thomas |
| Date Deposited: | 09 Aug 2013 13:21 |
| Last Modified: | 09 Aug 2013 13:21 |
| URI: | http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/45876 |