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Treatment switches after viral rebound in HIV-infected adults starting antiretroviral therapy: multicentre cohort study

journal contribution
posted on 2023-06-08, 15:20 authored by Katherine J Lee, David Dunn, Richard Gilson, Kholoud Porter, Loveleen Bansi, Teresa Hill, Andrew N Phillips, Caroline A Sabin, Achim Schwenk, Clifford Leen, Valerie Delpech, Jane Anderson, Brian Gazzard, Margaret Johnson, Philippa Easterbrook, John Walsh, Martin Fisher, Chloe Orkin
OBJECTIVE To describe the time from first viral rebound on highly active antiretroviral therapy to first treatment change, identify factors associated with more rapid switching, and investigate whether treatment changes are in line with treatment guidelines. DESIGN AND SETTING A multicentre cohort study. METHODS We described the time to first treatment switch among individuals experiencing confirmed virological rebound after initiating highly active antiretroviral therapy; factors associated with more rapid switching were identified using proportional hazards regression and predictors of a switch in line with guidelines were identified using logistic regression. RESULTS Thirty-four percent of the 694 patients experiencing virological rebound remained on a failing regimen for more than 6 months. Factors associated with more rapid switching were lower CD4 cell count (hazard ratio, 0.84 /100 cells/mul higher, P < 0.001), higher viral load (1.29 /log10 copies/ml higher, P < 0.001), older age (1.06 /5 years older, P = 0.07), and changing/adding drugs to the regimen prior to rebound (1.16, P = 0.16). Two hundred and eighteen of the 394 treatment changes (55%) were in line with guidelines; those receiving nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor-containing regimens were more likely to make changes in line with guidelines (adjusted odds ratio, 2.80, P < 0.001), whereas those who had previously added drugs to their regimen were less likely to make changes in line with guidelines (0.15, P = 0.001). CONCLUSION A substantial minority of patients remain on a failing highly active antiretroviral therapy regimen for periods of 6 months or longer without adding new drugs. Changes made are often not in line with treatment guidelines, raising concerns about the development of resistance and long-term clinical outcomes in these individuals.

History

Publication status

  • Published

Journal

AIDS

ISSN

0269-9370

Publisher

Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins

Issue

15

Volume

22

Page range

1943-1950

Department affiliated with

  • BSMS Publications

Full text available

  • No

Peer reviewed?

  • Yes

Legacy Posted Date

2013-08-05

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    University of Sussex (Publications)

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