Leavens, David, Hopkins, William D and Thomas, Roger K (2004) Referential communication by chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes). Journal of Comparative Psychology, 118 (1). pp. 48-57. ISSN 0735-7036

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Abstract

Two experiments were conducted to assess the referential function of chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) gestures to obtain food. The chimpanzees received 1 trial per condition. In Experiment 1 (N 101), in full view of the chimpanzee, a banana was placed on top of 1 of 2 inverted buckets or was hidden underneath 1 of the buckets. In Experiment 2 (N 35), 4 conditions were presented in constant order:(a) no food, no observer; (b) no food, observer present; (c) food present, no observer; and (d) food present, observer present. Gestures and visual orienting were used socially and referentially. The capacity for nonverbal reference may predate the HominidaePongidae split, and the development of nonverbal reference may be independent of human species-specific adaptations for speech.

Item Type:	Article
Schools and Departments:	School of Psychology > Psychology
Depositing User:	David Leavens
Date Deposited:	06 Feb 2012 15:34
Last Modified:	02 May 2012 16:19
URI:	http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/13342

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