Heat generation of aircraft tires at landing

Aircraft wheels are free but still static after being extended from the fuselage because the oncoming high-speed airflow cannot spin them due to the symmetrical wheel geometry (Alroqi, 2017). Therefore, the wheels will skid and speed up on the runway to match the high aircraft speed. The friction can generate a large amount of heat, which raises the tire temperature, and leads to material decomposition and smokes.