KOYA_British_Journal_of_Pharmacology_OCT_2021.pdf (2.21 MB)
Linking drug and food addiction via compulsive appetite
journal contribution
posted on 2023-06-10, 01:31 authored by Amanda Laque, Grant E Wagner, Alessandra Matzeu, Genna L De Ness, Tony M Kerr, Ayla M Carroll, Giordano de Guglielmo, Hermina Nedelescu, Matthew W Buczynski, Ann M Gregus, Thomas C Jhou, Eric P Zorrilla, Remi Martin-Fardon, Eisuke KoyaEisuke Koya, Robert C Ritter, Friedbert Weiss, Nobuyoshi SutoBackground and Purpose “Food addiction” is the subject of intense public and research interest. However, this nosology based on neurobehavioral similarities among obese individuals and patients with eating disorders and drug addiction remains controversial. We thus sought to determine which aspects of disordered eating are causally linked to preclinical models of drug addiction. We hypothesized that extensive drug histories, known to cause addiction-like brain changes and drug motivation in rats, would also cause addiction-like food motivation. Experimental Approach Rats underwent extensive cocaine, alcohol, caffeine or obesogenic diet histories, and were subsequently tested for punishment-resistant food self-administration or “compulsive appetite”, as a measure of addiction-like food motivation. Key Results Extensive cocaine and alcohol (but not caffeine) histories caused compulsive appetite that persisted long after the last drug exposure. Extensive obesogenic diet histories also caused compulsive appetite, although neither cocaine nor alcohol histories caused excess calorie intake and bodyweight during abstinence. Hence, compulsive appetite and obesity appear to be dissociable, with the former sharing common mechanisms with preclinical drug addiction models. Conclusion and Implications Compulsive appetite, as seen in subsets of obese individuals and patients with binge-eating disorder and bulimia nervosa (eating disorders that do not necessarily result in obesity), appears to epitomize “food addiction”. Because different drug and obesogenic diet histories caused compulsive appetite, overlapping dysregulations in the reward circuits, which control drug and food motivation independently of energy homeostasis, may offer common therapeutic targets for treating addictive behaviors across drug addiction, eating disorders and obesity.
History
Publication status
- Published
File Version
- Accepted version
Journal
British Journal of PharmacologyISSN
0007-1188Publisher
WileyExternal DOI
Department affiliated with
- Psychology Publications
Full text available
- Yes
Peer reviewed?
- Yes
Legacy Posted Date
2021-10-26First Open Access (FOA) Date
2023-01-13First Compliant Deposit (FCD) Date
2021-10-25Usage metrics
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