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The first Hubble diagram and cosmological constraints using superluminous supernovae

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posted on 2023-06-10, 00:46 authored by C Inserra, M Sullivan, C R Angus, E MacAulay, R C Nichol, M Smith, C Frohmaier, C P Gutiérrez, M Vicenzi, A Möller, D Brout, P J Brown, T M Davis, C B D'Andrea, Kathy RomerKathy Romer, DES Collaboration, others
We present the first Hubble diagram of superluminous supernovae (SLSNe) out to a redshift of two, together with constraints on the matter density, ?M, and the dark energy equation-of-state parameter, w(p/?). We build a sample of 20 cosmologically useful SLSNe I based on light curve and spectroscopy quality cuts. We confirm the robustness of the peak-decline SLSN I standardization relation with a larger data set and improved fitting techniques than previous works. We then solve the SLSN model based on the above standardization via minimization of the ?2 computed from a covariance matrix that includes statistical and systematic uncertainties. For a spatially flat ? cold dark matter (?CDM) cosmological model, we find $\Omega{\rm M}=0.38^{+0.24}_{-0.19}$, with an rms of 0.27 mag for the residuals of the distance moduli. For a w0waCDM cosmological model, the addition of SLSNe I to a 'baseline' measurement consisting of Planck temperature together with Type Ia supernovae, results in a small improvement in the constraints of w0 and wa of 4 per cent. We present simulations of future surveys with 868 and 492 SLSNe I (depending on the configuration used) and show that such a sample can deliver cosmological constraints in a flat ?CDM model with the same precision (considering only statistical uncertainties) as current surveys that use Type Ia supernovae, while providing a factor of 2-3 improvement in the precision of the constraints on the time variation of dark energy, w0 and wa. This paper represents the proof of concept for superluminous supernova cosmology, and demonstrates they can provide an independent test of cosmology in the high-redshift (z > 1) universe.

Funding

The Dark Energy Survey: Education and Public Outreach; G1719; STFC-SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY FACILITIES COUNCIL; ST/N001087/1

University of Sussex Astronomy Consolidated Grant 2020-2023; G2954; STFC-SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY FACILITIES COUNCIL; ST/T000473/1

University of Sussex Astronomy Consolidated Grant 2017-2020; G2050; STFC-SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY FACILITIES COUNCIL; ST/P000525/1

History

Publication status

  • Published

File Version

  • Published version

Journal

Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

ISSN

0035-8711

Publisher

Oxford University Press

Issue

2

Volume

504

Page range

2535-2549

Department affiliated with

  • Physics and Astronomy Publications

Full text available

  • Yes

Peer reviewed?

  • Yes

Legacy Posted Date

2021-08-31

First Open Access (FOA) Date

2021-08-31

First Compliant Deposit (FCD) Date

2021-08-27

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