viruses-13-00713-v2.pdf (2.4 MB)
Comparison of serological assays for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies
journal contribution
posted on 2023-06-10, 00:41 authored by Joe James, Shelley Rhodes, Craig S Ross, Paul Skinner, Samuel P Smith, Rebecca Shipley, Caroline J Warren, Hooman Goharriz, Lorraine M McElhinney, Nigel Temperton, Edward WrightEdward Wright, Anthony R Fooks, Tristan W Clark, Sharon M Brookes, Ian H Brown, Ashley C BanyardSARS-CoV-2 virus was first detected in late 2019 and circulated globally, causing COVID-19, which is characterised by sub-clinical to severe disease in humans. Here, we investigate the serological antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection during acute and convalescent infection using a cohort of (i) COVID-19 patients admitted to hospital, (ii) healthy individuals who had experienced ‘COVID19 like-illness’, and (iii) a cohort of healthy individuals prior to the emergence of SARS-CoV-2. We compare SARS-CoV-2 specific antibody detection rates from four different serological methods, virus neutralisation test (VNT), ID Screen® SARS-CoV-2-N IgG ELISA, Whole Antigen ELISA, and lentivirus-based SARS-CoV-2 pseudotype virus neutralisation tests (pVNT). All methods were able to detect prior infection with COVID-19, albeit with different relative sensitivities. The VNT and SARSCoV-2-N ELISA methods showed a strong correlation yet provided increased detection rates when used in combination. A pVNT correlated strongly with SARS-CoV-2 VNT and was able to effectively discriminate SARS-CoV-2 antibody positive and negative serum with the same efficiency as the VNT. Moreover, the pVNT was performed with the same level of discrimination across multiple separate institutions. Therefore, the pVNT is a sensitive, specific, and reproducible lower biosafety level alternative to VNT for detecting SARS-CoV-2 antibodies for diagnostic and research applications. Our data illustrate the potential utility of applying VNT or pVNT and ELISA antibody tests in parallel to enhance the sensitivity of exposure to infection.
History
Publication status
- Published
File Version
- Published version
Journal
VirusesISSN
1999-4915Publisher
MDPIExternal DOI
Issue
4Volume
13Page range
1-15Article number
a713Event location
SwitzerlandDepartment affiliated with
- Biochemistry Publications
Full text available
- Yes
Peer reviewed?
- Yes
Legacy Posted Date
2021-08-20First Open Access (FOA) Date
2021-08-20First Compliant Deposit (FCD) Date
2021-08-20Usage metrics
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No categories selectedKeywords
COVID-19ELISAIgGSARS-CoV-2convalescent plasmacoronaviruscross-reactivityneutralizationpseudotype neutralisationspike glycoproteinsAged AntibodiesNeutralizingAntibodiesViralCOVID-19 Serological TestingCross ReactionsEnzyme-Linked Immunosorbent AssayFemaleHumansLentivirusMaleMiddle AgedNeutralization TestsReproducibility of ResultsSensitivity and SpecificitySpike GlycoproteinCoronavirus
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