RT Book, Section SR 00 A1 Hopkins, William D A1 Taglialatela, J. P. A1 Leavens, David T1 Do chimpanzees have voluntary control of their facial expressions and vocalizations? YR 2011 FD 2011-03-01 SP 71 OP 90 AB It has been argued that only humans have volitional control of their vocalizations and that this ability allowed for the evolution of speech. Here we argue that recent studies in chimpanzees suggest that they do, in fact have some degree of voluntary control of both their vocalizations as well as their facial expressions. We further argue, based on recent studies, that chimpanzees understand the functional significance of using vocalizations or sounds in communicative and social contexts, specifically as a means of obtaining the attention of an otherwise inattentive human. The ability of chimpanzees to voluntarily produce and functionally manipulate social agents with vocal signals may be an important precursor in the evolution of human spoken language. A2 Vilain, Anne A2 Schwartz, Jean-Luc A2 Abry, Christian A2 Vauclair, Jacques T2 Primate communication and human language : vocalisation, gestures, imitation and deixis in humans and non-humans PB John Benjamins Pub SN 9789027204547 AV Published LK http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/13565/