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Epidemiology and individual, household and geographical risk factors of podoconiosis in ethiopia: results from the first nationwide mapping
journal contribution
posted on 2023-06-08, 20:04 authored by Kebede Kassaye, Simon J Brooker, Rachel L Pullan, Heven Sime, Abeba Gebretsadik, Ashenafi Assefa, Amha Kebede, Asrat Hailu, Maria P Rebollo, Oumer Shafi, Moses J Bockarie, Abraham Aseffa, Richard Reithinger, Jorge Cano, Fikre Enquselassie, Melanie NewportMelanie Newport, Gail DaveyGail DaveyAlthough podoconiosis is one of the major causes of tropical lymphoedema and is endemic in Ethiopia its epidemiology and risk factors are poorly understood. Individual-level data for 129,959 individuals from 1,315 communities in 659 woreda (districts) were collected for a nationwide integrated survey of lymphatic filariasis and podoconiosis. Blood samples were tested for circulating Wuchereria bancrofti antigen using immunochromatographic card tests. A clinical algorithm was used to reach a diagnosis of podoconiosis by excluding other potential causes of lymphoedema of the lower limb. Bayesian multilevel models were used to identify individual and environmental risk factors. Overall, 8,110 of 129,959 (6.2%, 95% confidence interval [CI] 6.1-6.4%) surveyed individuals were identified with lymphoedema of the lower limb, of whom 5,253 (4.0%, 95% CI 3.9-4.1%) were confirmed to be podoconiosis cases. In multivariable analysis, being female, older, unmarried, washing the feet less frequently than daily, and being semiskilled or unemployed were significantly associated with increased risk of podoconiosis. Attending formal education and living in a house with a covered floor were associated with decreased risk of podoconiosis. Podoconiosis exhibits marked geographical variation across Ethiopia, with variation in risk associated with variation in rainfall, enhanced vegetation index, and altitude.
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Publication status
- Published
File Version
- Published version
Journal
American Journal of Tropical Medicine and HygieneISSN
0002-9637Publisher
American Society of Tropical Medicine and HygieneExternal DOI
Issue
1Volume
92Page range
148-58Department affiliated with
- Global Health and Infection Publications
Full text available
- Yes
Peer reviewed?
- No
Legacy Posted Date
2015-02-19First Open Access (FOA) Date
2015-02-19First Compliant Deposit (FCD) Date
2015-02-19Usage metrics
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